Replacing roof decking provides a strong, level surface for installing new roofing. Over time, water damage, aging, structural issues or planning new roof systems means removing and replacing deck sheathing. This guide covers planning considerations, step-by-step process and best practices to safely replace roof deck boards to strengthen the entire structure for decades.
Knowing when you need to replace roof decking and carefully covering all key steps during the project prevents bigger problems down the road. Get guidance from an experienced roofer early in your planning.
When to replace roof decking
To replace roof decking, first Inspect the current roof structure if discovering active leaks, soft spongy areas or visible dark mold indicating retained moisture. Key signs involve:
Also test decking strength and moisture content if:
Inspect decking thoroughly during roof tear-off for signs of moisture damage or rotting wood. Addressing issues proactively reduces further deterioration.
Ideally address underlying framing repairs first by putting new boards or replacing compromised truss/rafters. Then remove and replace roof decking prior to installing protective membranes and exterior roofing.
Key Things to consider when replacing roof decking
| Preparation | Installation |
| Repair framing issues first | Remove debris before building up new roofing system |
| Tear off old roofing and decking layers fully | Test remaining decking strength and moisture content after tear off |
| Replace any boards or panels failing fall protection impact resistance standards | |
| Install code compliant thickness and type roof sheathing |
Following proper planning steps makes the tear off and replace roof decking process faster and helps optimize roof service life.
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Roof Deck Replacement Equipment/Material
Tackling a deck replacement project requires:
Safety Gear
OSHA mandates fall protection on any roof tear-off project or replace roof decking. Secure harnesses, ropes and anchors rated for roof slope provide essential fall arrest capability.
Hard hats, eye shields and gloves reduce site hazards when handling tear off materials and tools on the roof.
| Safety Gear | Use |
| Hard Hats & Eye Protection | Prevent falling debris injuries |
| Fall Arrest Harness | Attach to anchor points protecting roofers |
| Anchor Points | Secure ropes/system stopping falls |
| Work Gloves | Protect hands from splinters and sharp edges |
Equipment/Tools
Having the right tools improves efficiency removing existing materials and replace roof decking properly. Transport tools and removed waste securely without risking falls.
| Tool Type | Description | Use Case |
| Circular Saw | Portable saw with round rotating blade | Primary for precise decking cuts |
| Recip Saw | In-out powered saw for fast demo | Removing nails and fasteners on tear off |
| Hammer/Pry Bar | Versatile demolition and nail pulling | Salvaging any reusable materials |
| Utility Knife | Small precise cutting blade | Detail cuts on weather barrier wraps |
| Chalk Line Reel | Temporary straight line marking | Ensures chalk cut guides stay level |
| Stapler | Powered electric or pneumatic | Rapid felt paper attachment |
Materials
Have all materials staged on-site before starting tear-off to make replacement installation efficient:
- Decking – Match existing thickness but upgrade to tongue and groove for improved structural performance.
- Fasteners – Use 2 1/2″ to 3″ galvanized ring shank nails to avoid future rust staining on boards. Longer nails may penetrate existing rafters.
- Weather Barriers – Ensure upgraded code compliant ice shield membrane and 30 lb felt rolls on site before open decking exposure overnight. This protects structure.
Step-by-Step Roof Deck Replacement Process
Here is the step by step guide if you have to replace roof decking of your home.
Inspect work at the end of each day before leaving the site since moisture mistakes embedding during construction multiply problems later on. Use tarps weighted down as a temporary roof covering any open decking where delays occur.
Follow local building codes and manufacturer guidelines for re-installation, especially regarding fastener type/spacing and fire rating standards. This ensures structural integrity.
Best Practice Decking Replacement Standards
Pay attention to a few vital details when replace your roof decking:
Ventilation
Ensure existing soffit intake and ridge exhaust vents remain unblocked with debris or insulation. Replace any warped, cracked or blocked decking restricting airflow.
Account for baffle ventilation channel depth when planning insulation levels. Proper attic ventilation protects shingles and structure while reducing utility bills.
| Vent Type | Purpose | Standard Size |
| Soffit Intake Vents | Allows fresh exterior air intake | Min 10 sq-in. net free area per foot of soffit overhang |
| Ridge Vent Exhaust | Releases warm interior humid air | Maintain 1-in to 1 1/2-in open slot along entire peak |
Nailing Standards
Meeting code minimums provides the reliable grip performance. Use ring shank or spiral galvanized nails to avoid future rust bleeding stains. Standard residential nailing involves:
- 6 inch spacing perimeter – no more than 1 inch from deck edges
- Intermediate rafters 12 inch spacing
Some high wind coastal zones and heavy snow load areas require tighter 4 inch edge nail spacing by code. Always check regional standards.
Expansion Gaps
Leave 1/8 inch gap between roof decking panels during cold weather installs allowing seasonal expansion contraction without buckling panels or opening up seam splits. Allow slightly larger 1/4 inch gap additionally along all roof element changes – at every junction with ridges, rakes/gable ends, penetrations like chimneys and skylights.
The extra open space lets panels expand/contract freely based on temperature/moisture without warping, buckling or deforming the deck bonds leading to weaker structure over time.
Following best practice installation steps maximizes the structural integrity and longevity of the new roof decking system. Review local codes and get professional support interpreting appropriate techniques for your specific roof type and climate environment.
Wrapping Up Your Roof Deck Replacement Project
Replacing roof decking provides the opportunity to significantly strengthen roof structure integrity for decades of reliable performance from new exterior roof systems.
Always tie in structural reinforcement replacements when discovering damage during the decking tear off process rather than skimping on extra costs upfront.
Decking lasts 30 years or more while shingles may only hold up 15-20 before replacement so invest accordingly. An ounce of prevention by removing wet deck materials fully and integrating best practice installation details avoids exponentially expensive repairs or total roof system rebuilds down the road.
Work with an experienced, licensed roofing contractor familiar with full deck replacements. They can provide guidance on long-term decking durability and material choices to match your climate and budget. Taking shortcuts risks invalidating your roof warranty later.
Planning appropriately by securing professional support ensures safe, effective roof tear-off and replacement while protecting your most valuable home investment.
Conclusion
We hope this overview gives homeowners confidence to evaluate roof decking condition, navigate the replacement process and uphold standards matching or exceeding regional building codes.
Don’t hesitate to ask more questions checking if your particular roof type or climate conditions require specialized materials or techniques during planning.
FAQ’s
Can you put new roof decking over old?
No, existing compromised or deteriorating decking must be fully removed down to the roof rafters or trusses before replacing so water damaged boards don’t remain allowing structural weakening or decay over time.
How often should roof decking be replaced?
Decking lasts around 30 years or more depending on climate and maintenance to exterior roof systems. Plan full replacement by 35 years useful life. Higher durability with tongue and groove panels.
How do you fix rotted wood on a roof?
Cut out spongy rotted sections of decking back to solid structural framing first. Allow to dry fully, spray treating mold growth before sistering new matching decking pieces over the re-secured roof rafters or trusses according to building codes.
Should roof decking be nailed or screwed?
Code approved ring or spiral shank nails provide greater grip over time to secure decking against wind forces. Screws still require supplemental gluing given smaller diameter pilot holes compared to nail gauges over the long run.
How do I know if my roof decking needs replacing?
Signs include visible water stains, soft spongy feel walking across boards, cracking, warping or expansion holes indicating retained moisture compromising integrity over time or with snow/wind loads.